SOMMAIRE

Mise-à-jour
14-Mar-2006

Jobs/Métiers

Agents

Baker, Farmer, Food industry, Miller,

Acarus farris, Acarus siro, Blomia Kulagini, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Euroglyphus Maynei, Glycyphagus domesticus, Leptidoglyphus destructor, Tyrophagus putrescentiae

Incidence

Conditions

Symptom

Incidence: dependent on co-factors: smoking, atopy and a predisposition to bronchial hyperreactivity.

Non-atopic subjects may also be affected.

IgE-dependent mechanism
Many subjects who are sensitised to storage mites also show sensitivity to Dematophagoides pteronyssimus.

The degree of humidity in the cereal before storage favours multiplication of mites: proper ventilation is therefore important. In the food industry, certain types of mites (storage mites) may contaminate foodstuffs : cheese (Acarus Siro, Blomia Kulagini), chorizo (Euroglyphus Maynei), garlic and Ham (Tyrophagus Putrescentiae and Acarus Siro). The response to TDI is regulated by the MHC class II loci DQA1 and DQB1.

Rhinitis and asthma symptoms are concomitant and persist after work has stopped.

Diagnostic

References

Skin prick test for various species of mite for which extracts are commercially available.

Immunological dosage: RAST/CAP RAST.

Bronchial provocation tests (in Hospital) reveal both immediate and delayed reactions.
Recent studies on sputum induced during bronchial provocation tests have shown that measurement of ECP and Tryptase may act as additional diagnostic factors.

Allergy 1999,54:884 - Alvarez MJ. et al.
Allergy 1999,54:769 - Marcos Bravo C. et al.
J . Invest. Allergol. Clin. Immunol. 1997,7:407 - Armentia. A. et al.
J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.1984, 84:108
J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 1989,84:296;
Ann. Appl. Biol. 1976,82:180;
Clin. Allergy 1981,11:217;
Clin. Allergy 1985,15:555;
Clin. Allergy 1979,9:229;

1. [Medline] Alvarez MJ, Castillo R, Rey A, Ortega N, Blanco C, Carrillo T.
   Occupational asthma in a grain worker due to Lepidoglyphus destructor, assessed by bronchial provocation test and induced sputum. Allergy. 1999 Aug;54(8):884-9. PMID: 10485394

2. [Medline] Marcos Bravo C, Luna Ortiz I, Outon A, Gonzalez Vazquez SR.
   Allergy to storage mites.  Allergy. 1999 Jul;54(7):769-70. No abstract available. PMID: 10442542

3. [Medline] Armentia A.
   Occupational asthma from storage mites contaminating foods.
   J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol. 1997 Sep-Oct;7(5):407-8. No abstract available. PMID: 9416562

Jobs/Métiers

Agents

Hairdresser

Black henna, Henne, Persulphates, Red henne, Senne, Sericin

Incidence

Conditions

Symptom

Incidence: strongly associated with atopic subjects. In the case of allergy to henna and sercine, an IgE-dependent mechanism has been identified. However, for ammonium thioglycolate (setting agent) the mechanism remains to be determined. An hypersensitive pulmonary disorder may arise in some subjects using synthetic hair lacquer resins. Persulphates constitute a major irritant. Skin tests with persulphates have been inconclusive and a specific form of IgE has never been demonstrated. They act as direct histamine liberators in vitro.

The combination of exposure to irritants and allergens in a work place which is typically poorly ventilated, without extractor fan, is the main source of the problem. The persulfates which are used in bleaching have been proved statistically to be the major cause. In factories producing persulfates, it has been shown that ambient levels below 1 mg per m2 of air protects against sensitization.

The first symptom is rhinitis which occurs within minutes of contact. Classic asthma linked to work is often also present. Urticaria and facial oedema are common symptoms and eczema has also been reported. Eczema on the hands is also very common.

Diagnostic

References

Skin tests: henna and sericin. Immunological assay: RAST sericin. Tests must be conducted in Hospital (powders may be dangerous when mixed). Delayed reactions are possible with bronchial provocation test. Skin tests are positive in 24% of cases. Bronchial hyperreactivity exists in 58% of cases and BPT is only present in 22%. ( Schwaiblmair et al). Comparison of tryptase and ECP levels before and after bronchial provocation tests is an additional possibility in aetiological diagnosis.

Allergy Asthma Proc. 2001,22:235 - Galaortiz G. et al.
Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health. 1997,70:419 - Schwaiblmair et al.
Occup. Environ. Med. 1996,53:422 - Merget R. et al.
Allergy 1997,52:231 - Scibilia J. et al.
Allergy 1996,51:481
Int. Arch. Occup. Environ Health 1995,67:413
Jama 1977,238,8:888
Am. Rev. Resp. Dis. 1987 (part2): A 443
Fiche All. Resp. Prof.n°11 INRS
Rev. Fr. All. 1966,3:150
Rev. Fr. All. 1967,4:193
Ann. Allergy 1982,48:98
Chest 1987,92,3:577
Clin. Allergy1979,9:109
Clin. Allergy 1976,6:339

1. [Medline] Gala Ortiz G, Gancedo SQ, Ordonez RF, Camo IP, Mancebo EG, Agustin MC, Cosmes EL.
   Diagnostic approach and management of occupational asthma by persulfate salts in a hairdresser.
   Allergy Asthma Proc. 2001 Jul-Aug;22(4):235-8. PMID: 11552674

2. [Medline] Schwaiblmair M, Vogelmeier C, Fruhmann G.
   Occupational asthma in hairdressers: results of inhalation tests with bleaching powder. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1997;70(6):419-23. PMID: 9439990

3. [Medline] Merget R, Buenemann A, Kulzer R, Rueckmann A, Breitstadt R, Kniffka A, Kratisch H, Vormberg R, Schultze-Werninghaus G.  A cross sectional study of chemical industry workers with occupational exposure to persulphates. Occup Environ Med. 1996 Jun;53(6):422-6. PMID: 8758039

4. [Medline] Scibilia J, Galdi E, Biscaldi G, Moscato G.
   Occupational asthma caused by black henna. Allergy. 1997 Feb;52(2):231-2. No abstract available. PMID: 9105533

Jobs/Métiers

Agents

Adhesive industry, Automotive industry, Carpenter, Automotive indystry, Chemical industry, Coachworks, Foundry worker, Joiner, Mechanic, Metallurgist, Painter, Plastics industry , Tinsmith

1,3 bis cyclohexane pre-polymer, BIC, Diphenylmethane diisocyanate, HDI, Hexamethylene diisocyanate, IPDI, Isocyanates, Isophorone diisocyanate , MDI, Naphtalene diisocyanate, NDI, Polyurethane, TDI, TGIC, Toluene diisocyanate, Triglycylisocyanurate

Incidence

Conditions

Symptom

Incidence: Approximately 5% of exposed subjects.

Isocyanates are direct irritants to the respiratory tract. Their toxicity can result in fatality.

Atopy does not play a predisposing role.

Immunological mechanisms involving the anti-bodies IgE and IgG have been demonstrated. Other mechanisms involving bronchial beta-receptors or the inhibition of cholinesterase have also been suggested.

Bronchial response can be either immediate or delayed. Sensitized subjects may be intolerant to cruciferae. In the case of painters, sensitization results from mixtures of products (eczema may occur).

Sensitization: plastics (TDI and MDI), car paints (HDI and IPDI), polyurethanes (TDI), casting/melts and glues (MDI). Exposure; purely via the airways, may induce cutaneous sensitisation even in the absence of any contact with the skin. Isocyanate induced asthma (particularly TDI) is characterized by lymphocyte activation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. After exposure has ceased, a "remodelling" of the airways persists. The realisation of the problems associated with TDI, MDI and HDI, etc has led the industries to use oligomers with high molecular weights (BIC) with the aims of reducing the risks of sensitization. The norms for tolerable levels of these monomers are not sufficient to prevent work-related asthma. No norms have been fixed for polyisocyanates or polymer precursors. The response to TDI is regulated by the MHC class II loci DQA1 and DQB1. Fire retardants contain polyurethanes. A Swedish study performed in 2001 demonstrated that above 300 °C these polyurethanes degrade with the liberation of isocyanate-containing compounds (TDIs and monomers of TDI)..

Asthma develops fairly quickly, however it is marked by its severity and persistence once established. Improvement is only observed several weeks after exposure to the risk has ceased. Asthma and hypersensitive lung disorders have been reported following exposure to polymer. As well as the classical clinical symptoms, myalgia, arthralgia and nausea have been reported (in approximativly 26% of cases). Toxic reactions can occur (0.5 ppm). One fatal case at the workplace has been reported following exposure to MDI in a pre-sensitized subject. Bronchial hyperreactivity often persists even after exposure has ceased. TGIC often results in contact skin dermatitis.

Diagnostic

References

Skin prick test: 5mg/ml TDI-HSA, 3.4mg/ml TM-HSA (Na salt of TMA 1/200); these tests are no longer in widespread use. Immunological dosage: RAST/CAP RAST TDI, MDI and HDI. Bronchial provocation test (in Hospital).

Am. J. Ind. Med. 2001,39:587 - Redlich CA. et al.
J. Environ. Monit. 2001,3:202 - Melin J. et al.
Toxico. Lett. 2001,12:79 - Ebino K. et al.
Chest 2000,18:1183 Petsonk E.L. et al.
Occup. Environ. Med. 2000,57,830 Meredith S.K. et al.
Clin. Exp. Allergy 2000,30:651 Mapp C. E. et al.
Eur. Respir. J. 2000,16:729 Monso E. et al.
J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 1999,103:749 - Aul D. J.
Schweiz Med. Wochenschr. 1997,127:2000 Vu-Duc T. et al.
Am. J. Ind. Med. 1997,31:56 - Woellner R.C. et al.
Respiration 1997,64:111 - Carino M. et al.
Am. J. Ind. Med. 1996,30:48 - Simpson C. et al.
Occup. Environ. Med. 1997,54:756 - Tarlo S.M. et al.
Clin. Exp. Allergy 1997,27:510 - Piirilä P. et al.
Chest 1996,109 sup 6S
Am. J. Crit. Care Med. 1995,151:601
Am. J. Crit. Care Med. 1995,151:489
Scand. J. Work Environ Health 1994,20:376
Br. J. Ind. Med. 1989,46:56
Chest 1990,97:121;
Chest 1989,95:414;
Clin. Allergy 1988,18:597;
Clin. Allergy 1983,13:31;
J. Allergy Clin. Immunnol. 1993,92,3:387
J. Allergy Clin. Immunnol. 1993,91,4:850;
J. Allergy Clin. Immunnol. 1992,89:1183;
J. Allergy Clin. Immunnol. 1990,85:567
J. Allergy Clin. Immunnol. 1988,82:55
J. Allergy Clin. Immunnol. 1982,70:24
J. Allergy Clin. Immunnol. 1977,60:96
Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 1988,137:1326
Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 1977,116:411

1. [Medline]   Redlich CA, Stowe MH, Wisnewski AV, Eisen EA, Karol MH, Lemus R, Holm CT, Chung JS, Sparer J, Liu Y, Woskie SR, Appiah-Pippim J, Gore R, Cullen MR.
   Subclinical immunologic and physiologic responses in hexamethylene diisocyanate-exposed auto body shop workers.
   Am J Ind Med. 2001 Jun;39(6):587-97. PMID: 11385643

2. [Medline] Melin J, Spanne M, Johansson R, Bohgard M, Skarping G, Colmsjo
   A. Related Articles, Links Characterization of thermally generated aerosols from polyurethane foam.
   J Environ Monit. 2001 Feb;3(2):202-5. PMID: 11354729

3. [Medline] Ebino K, Ueda H, Kawakatsu H, Shutoh Y, Kosaka T, Nagayoshi E, Lemus R, Karol MH.
   Isolated airway exposure to toluene diisocyanate results in skin sensitization.
   Toxicol Lett. 2001 Apr 8;121(1):79-85. PMID: 11312040

4. [Medline]  Petsonk EL, Wang ML, Lewis DM, Siegel PD, Husberg BJ.
   Asthma-like symptoms in wood product plant workers exposed to methylene diphenyl diisocyanate.
   Chest. 2000 Oct;118(4):1183-93. PMID: 11035694

5. [Medline]  Meredith SK, Bugler J, Clark RL.
   Isocyanate exposure and occupational asthma: a case-referent study. 
   Occup Environ Med. 2000 Dec;57(12):830-6. PMID: 11077012 

6. [Medline]  Mapp CE, Beghe B, Balboni A, Zamorani G, Padoan M, Jovine L, Baricordi OR, Fabbri LM.
   Association between HLA genes and susceptibility to toluene diisocyanate-induced asthma. 
   Clin Exp Allergy. 2000 May;30(5):651-6. PMID: 10792356 

7. [Medline]  Monso E, Cloutier Y, Lesage J, Perreault G, Malo JL.
   What is the respiratory retention of inhaled hexamethylene di-isocyanate?
   Eur Respir J. 2000 Oct;16(4):729-30. PMID: 11106220 

8. [Medline] Aul DJ, Bhaumik A, Kennedy AL, Brown WE, Lesage J, Malo JL.
   Specific IgG response to monomeric and polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate conjugates in subjects with respiratory reactions to isocyanates. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999 May;103(5 Pt 1):749-55. PMID: 10329805

9. [Medline] Vu-Duc T, Huynh CK, Savolainen H.
   Do the isocyanate monomer standards still protect against attacks of occupational asthma? Should a standard including polyisocyanates be evolved ? Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1997 Nov 29;127(48):2000-7. Review. French. PMID: 9490467

10. [Medline] Woellner RC, Hall S, Greaves I, Schoenwetter WF.
    Epidemic of asthma in a wood products plant using methylene diphenyl diisocyanate. Am J Ind Med. 1997 Jan;31(1):56-63. PMID: 8986255

11. [Medline] Carino M, Aliani M, Licitra C, Sarno N, Ioli F.
    Death due to asthma at workplace in a diphenylmethane diisocyanate-sensitized subject. Respiration. 1997;64(1):111-3. Review. PMID: 9044486

12. [Medline] Simpson C, Garabrant D, Torrey S, Robins T, Franzblau A.
    Hypersensitivity pneumonitis-like reaction and occupational asthma associated with 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane pre-polymer. Am J Ind Med. 1996 Jul;30(1):48-55. PMID: 8837682 

13. [Medline] Tarlo SM, Banks D, Liss G, Broder I.
    Outcome determinants for isocyanate induced occupational asthma among compensation claimants. Occup Environ Med. 1997 Oct;54(10):756-61. PMID: 9404325 

14. [Medline] Piirila P, Estlander T, Keskinen H, Jolanki R, Laakkonen A, Pfaffli P, Tupasela O, Tuppurainen M, Nordman H.
    Occupational asthma caused by triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC). Clin Exp Allergy. 1997 May;27(5):510-4. PMID: 9179424

15. [Medline] Meuleman L, Goossens A, Linders C, Rochette F, Nemery B.
    Sensitization to triglycidylisocyanurate (TGIC) with cutaneous and respiratory manifestations. Allergy. 1999 Jul;54(7):752-6. PMID: 10442533

Jobs/Métiers

Agents

Animal foodstuffs industry, Food industry

Antibiotics, Betalactoglobuline, Sulfamide

Incidence

Conditions

Symptom

Incidence: low.

Atopy does not play a role.

IgE-dependent mechanism.

Sensitization occurs during the production and use of milk powder in various food industries.

Asthma, rhinitis and conjunctivitis. Asthma starts as nocturnal asthma, but becomes persistent.

Diagnostic

References

Skin prick test using betalactoglobulin.

Immunological assay: RAST/CAP RAST betalactoglobulin and some antibiotics.

Bronchial provocation test (in Hospital).

Rev. Fr. Allergol. 1984, 24:93;
Riv. Deg. Inf. Mal. Prof. 1985, 72:407

• [Medline]

Jobs/Métiers

Agents

Cork making industry

Cork, Moulds

Incidence

Conditions

Symptom

Incidence: very common in the Portuguese cork making industry.

Atopic subjects readily contract asthma whereas non atopic subjects immediately develop alveolitis. In Portuguese studies, 98% of subjects affected had precipitins compared to 7% of healthy subjects. Cork itself does not play an important role.

All types of work involving the use of cork in hot and humid places may result in exposure to the moulds responsible for the symptoms.(often Penicillium strains)

Asthma and feverish pulmonary disorders follow each other and are associated with unstable pulmonary infiltrates.

Diagnostic

References

Skin tests with moulds are possible in principle.

The link between precipitins for corks, clinical indices and measurements of respiratory function enables diagnosis to be made. In 2001, a Portuguese study which assessed peak expiratory flow rates at the workplace, suggested that occupational asthma may develop in cork workers, in the absence of alveolitis.

J. Asthma 2001,38:357 - Winck J.C et al.
Lancet 1968,1:620
Clin. Allergy 1974,4:109

• [Medline]  Winck JC, Delgado L, Vanzeller M, Guimaraes T, Torres S, Sapage JM.
  Monitoring of peak expiratory flow rates in cork workers' occupational asthma.
  J Asthma. 2001 Jun;38(4):357-62. PMID: 11456389

Jobs/Métiers

Agents

Condom manufacturing industry, Cosmetics industry, Dentist, Fireworks manufacturer, Pharmaceutical industry

Lycopodium

Incidence

Conditions

Symptom

Incidence: dependent upon the number of atopic subjects in the work place.

IgE-dependent mechanism. Lycopodium powder is used in a large number of industries, therefore many workers may be affected. Recently, it has been widely used as a powder covering for latex items. The incidence is higher for rhino-conjunctivitis than for asthma.

Lycopodium powder (lycopodium clavatus) is derived from plant spores.

In factories manufacturing condoms, those at highest risk are in the packaging area.

Rhinitis, conjunctivitis and asthma occur linked to work; they are typical allergic reactions.

Diagnostic

References

Skin tests: by scarification (in the past). Currently, patch tests with Finn chambers are routinely used. The intensity of the response to these tests is not correlated with the clinical symptoms, whether these be bronchial or ENT..

Immunological assay: RAST/CAP RAST lycopodium .

Bronchial provocation test (in Hospital).

Allergy 2000,55:836 Rask-Andersen A. et al.
Thorax 1993,48:774
Rev. Fr. Allergol. 1984,24:85;

1. [Medline] Rask-Andersen A, Boman J, Grangsjo A, Silverdal M, Lindberg M, Lundberg M, Svensson L.
   Asthma, skin symptoms, and allergy in a condom factory.Allergy. 2000 Sep;55(9):836-41. PMID: 11003447 

2. [Medline]  Cullinan P, Cannon J, Sheril D, Newman Taylor A.
   Asthma following occupational exposure to Lycopodium clavatum in condom manufacturers. Thorax. 1993 Jul;48(7):774-5. PMID: 8153931

Jobs/Métiers

Agents

Animal breeder, Doctor, Medical personnel, Pharmaceutical industry, Veterinary surgeon

Erythromycine, Oleandomycine, Spiramycine

Incidence

Conditions

Symptom

Incidence: low.

No atopic predisposition.

IgE-dependent mechanism.

Macrolids are a class of reagents that act like haptens. Possibility of an antigenic cross reaction with lincomycin.

Sensitization caused during the manufacture and handling of these chemical compounds.

Conjunctivitis, rhinitis and asthma. Contact eczema may also be encountered.

Diagnostic

References

Incidence: low.

No atopic predisposition.

IgE-dependent mechanism.

Macrolids are a class of reagents that act like haptens. Possibility of an antigenic cross reaction with lincomycin.

Contact Dermatitis 1980,6:410
Thorax 1988 43:371;
Clin. Allergy 1979,9:571;
Clin. Allergy 1977,7:285;
Clin. Allergy 1975,5:99;

1. [Medline]  Malo JL, Cartier A.
   Occupational asthma in workers of a pharmaceutical company processing spiramycin. Thorax. 1988 May;43(5):371-7. PMID: 3194865 

Jobs/Métiers

Agents

Food industry

Armorphophalus konjac, Maiko

Incidence

Conditions

Symptom

Incidence: 5 to 16% of exposed subjects.

Neighbours up to 500m away may also be affected.

Atopy probably has an influence.

IgE-dependent mechanism. The allergen is a protein contained in the root.

Powder extracted from the crushed root of a plant called "the devils tongue" which is used in Japanese cooking to make konnyaku.

Asthma in young adults. Sensitization may take up to three years.

Diagnostic

References

Skin tests are possible.

No immunological assay (allergen not commercially available).

Bronchial provocation test (in Hospital).

Allergology Amsterdam, 1979, Excerpta Medica Ed.

• [Medline]

Jobs/Métiers

Agents

Animal foodstuffs industry , Conserved food industry, Cook, Fishermen, Fishmonger, Food industry, Oyster sheller, Shellfish workers

Anisakis simplex, Ascidie, Caviar, Clam, Coral, Crab, Daphnia, Fish, Lobster, Prawn, Salmon, Sea squirt, shrimp, Scallops

Incidence

Conditions

Symptom

Incidence: very high in certain areas e.g. 15.6% of exposed subjects in Canada. It is equally linked with work and the causative allergen: fish, prawn, crab.

Control of occupational exposure is important: epidermics of asthma caused by prawns have been described.

IgE-dependent mechanism with type III reactions in the case of alveolitis. Sensitisation may also occur due to inhalation of cooking vapours containing particles of the allergen.

The expansion of aquaculture has increased the risk and number of cases of this occupational disease. Sensitisations may occur independently to one or more sea-food. Recently, the demonstration that a single common stable antigen exists in both prawns and scallops has increased the problem, since this allergen is a tropomyosin, identical to that which is found in squid, dust mites and snails. The antigen is a protein of 35 – 39 kDa. Anisakis simplex is a parasitic nematode found in fish and crustaceans, whose pathogenic role is well known amongst fish eaters. Inhalation of cooking vapours from contaminated fish may make Anisakis simplex into an occupational allergen. Fishers of Japanese langoustines develop urticaria, asthma and conjunctivitis to the coral (Dendronepthya nipponica) which they encounter during their work.

Typical allergic asthma, associated with rhinitis, conjunctivitis and work. Cases of alveolitis have been reported. Food allergies may develop to these products.

Anisakis may cause generalized urticaria.

Diagnostic

References

Skin tests: IDR and skin prick tests for those allergens which are commercially available.

Immunological assay: RAST/CAP RAST fish, crab, prawn, lobster and RAST for daphnia .

Bronchial provocation test (in hospital).

Due to the tropomyosin, cross-reactivities exist between Anisakis, other nematodes and dust mites. Coral allergens have been described, and skin tests and IgE measurements have been performed on an experimental basis.

Eur. J. Dermatol. 2001,11:249 - Scala E. et al.
Allergy 2001,56:667 - Valinas B. et al.
Occup. Environ. Med. 2001,58:553 - Jeebhay MF. et al.
Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 2001,125:135 - Onizuka R. et al.
Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol 2000,85:461 Goetz D.W. et al.
Clin. Exp. Allergy 1997,27:75 - Malo J.L. et al.
Allergy 1997,52:866 - Rodriguez J. et al.
Allergy 1996,51:272
J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 1995,96:608
Lancet 1995,346:737
Fiche Allerg. Resp. Prof. n°6 INRS.
Allergy 1989,44:336;
Hiro. J. Med. Sc. 1969,18:141;
Med. Lav. 1985,76,6:471;
Med. Lav. 1982,73,3:234;
J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 1986,74:344;
J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 1984,74:261;

1. [Medline] Scala E, Giani M, Pirrotta L, Guerra EC, Cadoni S, Girardelli CR, De Pita O, Puddu P.
   Occupational generalised urticaria and allergic airborne asthma due to anisakis simplex.
   Eur J Dermatol. 2001 May-Jun;11(3):249-50.PMID: 11358735

2. [Medline] Valinas B, Lorenzo S, Eiras A, Figueiras A, Sanmartin ML, Ubeira FM.
   Prevalence of and risk factors for IgE sensitization to Anisakis simplex in a Spanish population.
   Allergy. 2001 Jul;56(7):667-71. PMID: 11421926

3. [Medline] Jeebhay MF, Robins TG, Lehrer SB, Lopata AL.
   Occupational seafood allergy: a review.
   Occup Environ Med. 2001 Sep;58(9):553-62. Review. PMID: 11511741

4. [Medline] Onizuka R, Kamiya H, Muramoto K, Goto R, Inoue K, Kumamoto K, Nakajima Y, Iida S, Ishigami F.
   Purification of the major allergen of red soft coral (Dendronephthya nipponica).
   Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2001 Jun;125(2):135-43. PMID: 11435730

5. [Medline] Goetz DW, Whisman BA.
   Occupational asthma in a seafood restaurant worker: cross-reactivity of shrimp and scallops.
   Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2000 Dec;85(6 Pt 1):461-6. PMID: 11152166 

6. [Medline] Malo JL, Chretien P, McCants M, Lehrer S.
   Detection of snow-crab antigens by air sampling of a snow-crab production plant. Clin Exp Allergy. 1997 Jan;27(1):75-8. PMID: 9117885 

7. [Medline] Rodriguez J, Reano M, Vives R, Canto G, Daroca P, Crespo JF, Vila C, Villarreal O, Bensabat Z.
   Occupational asthma caused by fish inhalation.  Allergy. 1997 Aug;52(8):866-9.  PMID: 9284987

8. [Medline] Lemiere C, Desjardins A, Lehrer S, Malo JL.
   Occupational asthma to lobster and shrimp. Allergy. 1996 Apr;51(4):272-3. No abstract available. PMID: 8792927

9. [Medline] Desjardins A, Malo JL, L'Archeveque J, Cartier A, McCants M, Lehrer SB.
   Occupational IgE-mediated sensitization and asthma caused by clam and shrimp. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1995 Nov;96(5 Pt 1):608-17. PMID: 7499677

10. [Medline] Douglas JD, McSharry C, Blaikie L, Morrow T, Miles S, Franklin D.
    Occupational asthma caused by automated salmon processing. Lancet. 1995 Sep 16;346(8977):737-40. PMID: 7658875

Jobs/Métiers

Agents

Personnel Hospital staff, Service Personnel

Diphenylmercury, Phenylmercury nitropropionate

Incidence

Conditions

Symptom

Incidence; low.

Atopy does not play an important role.

IgE-dependent mechanism.

Disinfection of walls in offices, in particular in hospitals.

Asthma and rhinitis at the end of the working day and following night, associated with urticaria and/or angioneurotic oedema.

Diagnostic

References

Skin prick test with a 1% solution of the agent.

Bronchial provocation test (in Hospital) by inhalation of aerosol.

No immunological assay has been reported.

American Journ. of Med.1968, 44:310

• [Medline]  Mathews KP.
  Immediate type hypersensitivity to phenylmercuric compounds. Am J Med. 1968 Feb;44(2):310-8. No abstract available. PMID: 5635680 

Suite : Fiches 1 à 10, 11 à 20, 21 à 30, 31 à 40, 41à 50, 51 à 60, 61 à 70, 71 et plus. Produits/Substances Métiers
Next cases 1 to 10, 11 to 20, 21 to 30, 31 to 40, 41 to 50, 51 to 60, 61 to 70, 71 and over. Agents/Products/Substances Jobs/Occupation

AsmaPro    Congress Conçu et réalisé par: Croisix 
Date de création: 3 Février 1999    mise à jour 14-Mar-2006  
Le secret des correspondances transmises sur le réseau Internet n'est pas garanti.
Toute personne citée dispose d'un droit d'accès, de modification, de rectification et de suppression des données le concernant
(art. 34 de la loi "Informatique et Libertés" n° 78-17 du 6 janvier 1978). Pour l'exercer adressez-vous à Croisix

No-spamming-clause  Les données personnelles sur le site Asmanet ne peuvent être utilisées à des fins de prospection, quelque en soit la nature (voir http://www.cnil.fr/fileadmin/documents/approfondir/rapports/publpost.pdf)